ارزیابی اثر تاریخ‏ کاشت و برداشت بر عملکرد دو رقم چغندر علوفه‏ای در منطقه جیرفت

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جیرفت، ایران.

2 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اجیرفت، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور تعیین رقم مناسب چغندر علوفه‏ای و بهترین تاریخ کاشت و برداشت در منطقه جیرفت، آزمایشی با دو رقم 1025 و لاسینیا در چهار تاریخ کاشت (20 شهریور، 10 مهر، 30 مهر و 20 آبان) و دو تاریخ برداشت (15 اردیبهشت و 15 خرداد) به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، در دو سال زراعی 1401-1400 و 1401-1402 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب کرمان اجرا شد. تاریخ کاشت در کرت‏های اصلی و تاریخ برداشت و رقم به‌صورت تصادفی در کرت‏های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد اثر تاریخ کاشت و برداشت بر عملکرد کل، عملکرد ریشه و اندام هوایی، عملکرد ماده خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی، معنی‏دار بود (P˂ 0.01). اثر رقم بر روی عملکرد ریشه، ماده خشک اندام هوایی و طول ریشه(P˂ 0.01)  و ماده خشک ریشه(P˂ 0.05)  معنی‏دار بود. اثر متقابل سه‏گانه بر عملکرد ریشه، نیز در سطح احتمال یک درصد و عملکرد کل، عملکرد ماده خشک کل، عملکرد ماده خشک ریشه و عملکرد ماده خشک اندام هوایی در سطح اختمال پنج درصد آماری معنی‏دار بود. ساقه‏روی تحت تأثیر تاریخ کاشت، رقم و برهم‌کنش آن‏ها قرار گرفت. رقم لاسینیا در همه تاریخ‏های کاشت نسبت به ساقه‏روی مقاوم بود. مقایسه اثر میانگین سه‏گانه نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد کل (187/38)، عملکرد ریشه (136/77)، ماده خشک کل (69/27)، ماده خشک ریشه (20/39) و ماده خشک اندام هوایی (7/30) بر حسب تن در هکتار مربوط به رقم لاسینیا در تاریخ کاشت 10 مهر و تاریخ برداشت 15 خردادماه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of sowing and harvest dates on the yield of two fodder beet varieties in Jiroft region under autumn planting

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Eshraghi-Nejad 1
  • M. Sadeghi shoae 2
  • Ahmad Aien 3
1 Assistant Professor of Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Southern Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.
2 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Southern Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the suitable fodder beet variety and the best planting and harvest dates in Jiroft region, an experiment was performed. Treatments consisted of two cultivars called 1025 and Lacinia, four planting dates (11 September, 02 October, 22 October, and 11 November) and two harvest dates (5 May and 5 June) evaluated in factorial split plot in 2021-2022 and 2022-23 in the research farm of the South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Planting dates were assigned in main plots and harvest dates and genotype were randomly placed in sub-plots. Results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of planting and harvest dates on all studied traits including total yield, root and shoot yield, as well as root and shoot dry matter yield were significant (P ˂ 0.01). The effect of cultivar on root yield, root length, shoot dry matter (P ˂ 0.01) and root dry matter (P ˂ 0.05) was significant. The triple interaction effect was significant on all studied traits, except for shoot yield. Bolting was affected by planting date, variety and their interaction. Lacinia was resistant to bolting in all sowing dates. Comparison of the triple mean effect showed that the highest total yield (187.38 tha-1), root yield (136.77 t ha-1), total dry matter (27.69 tha-1), root dry matter (20.39 t ha-1) and shoot dry matter (7.30 tha-1) was related to the Lacinia on planting date of 10 October and harvesting date of 5 June.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter
  • Fodder beet
  • Shoot
  • Storage root

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چغندرقند
دوره 39، شماره 1
شهریور 1402
صفحه 37-52

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