بررسی نقش تعاونی‌های تولیدی کشاورزی در ارتقای دانش فنی کشاورزان (مطالعة موردی چغندرکاران استان فارس)

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ااستادیار گروه اقتصاد- دانشکده اقتصادکشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- زابل، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد- دانشکده اقتصادکشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- زابل، ایران.

3 استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- زابل ، ایران.

4 مربی پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- زابل ، ایران.

چکیده

افزایش آگاهی فنی و تخصصی اعضاء تعاونی‌های تولیدی کشاورزی از نقاط قوت آن‌ها برای کارکرد موفقیت‌آمیز در راستای اهداف کلان توسعه، به حساب می‌آیند. عدم ارتقای سطح دانش فنی اعضاء به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین موانع برای گسترش و موفقیت تعاونی‌ها تلقی شده است. دراین مطالعه نقش تعاونی‌های تولید استان فارس در ارتقای سطح دانش فنی چغندرکاران مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه‌ بود که روایی آن از طریق نظرخواهی از متخصصان و کارشناسان و پس از چند مرحله اصلاح و بازنگری به‌دست آمد. ضرایب آلفای کرونباخ (a) برای به‌دست آوردن پایایی در بخش‌های مختلف پرسشنامه بین 71/0 تا 82/0 محاسبه شد که نشان از اعتبار بالای این ابزار داشت. داده‌های این مطالعه از پرسشنامه‌های 148 زارع چغندرکار عضو و غیرعضو تعاونی‌های تولید استان که به روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌بندی شده‌ی تصادفی چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شده بودند، جمع‌آوری شد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌های به‌دست آمده از روش تحلیل واریانس عاملی استفاده گردید. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که عوامل فردی شامل سطح سواد و سن زارعین در کنار اندازة مزرعة آن‌ها، تأثیری بر ارتقای سطح دانش کشاورزان نداشته‌اند. علاوه‌بر این، عضویت در شرکت‌های تعاونی نیز به تنهائی عامل تأثیرگذار بر افزایش سطح دانش فنی کشاورزان نبود. این درحالی است که تأثیر منطقه و در پی آن، اثرات متقابل منطقه کشت و عضویت در شرکت تعاونی بر سطح دانش فنی کشاورزان معنی‌دار بود. در عین‪حال، استفاده از خدمات ترویجی دلیل برتری شاخص سطح دانش چغندرکاران شهرستان‌های مختلف نبود. بنابراین، نیروی محرکه‪ی خدمات ترویجی به صورت کارا در تمام شهرستان‌ها برای ارتقای سطح دانش فنی عمل نکرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the role of agricultural production cooperatives in improving farmers’ technical knowledge: a case study on sugar beet growers in Fars Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Mohammadi 1
  • M. Sabouhi Sabouni 2
  • B.A. Siasar 3
  • B. Mir 4
1 Assistant Professor of Economics Group, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Zabol,Iran
2 Associate Professor of Economics Group, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
4 Instructor of Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

A strength of agricultural production cooperatives is improving the technical knowledge of their members which is along with their function in large-scale development. One of the main obstacles to the success of cooperatives is their inability in improving the technical knowledge of their members. The current study evaluates the role of production cooperatives of Fars province, Iranin improving sugar beet growers’ technical knowledge level. Questionnaire was used for information collection. The questionnaire was validated after some revisions following consulting with professionals and experts. To realize the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s coefficient α was calculated as to be in the range of 0.71-0.82 for different sections of the questionnaire which was a proof of its high reliability. The data were collected from 148 questionnaires filled out by member and non-member sugar beet growers in production cooperatives. The farmers were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Factorial analysis of variance was used for analyzing the data. Results showed that personal factors including literacy level, age and field size did not impact farmers’ technical knowledge improvement. Furthermore, membership in cooperatives did not by itself affect technical knowledge improvement, whereas the effect of region and the interaction between region and membership in cooperatives were significant on farmers’ technical knowledge level. However, using extension services was not the reason for the superiority of sugar beet growers’ technical knowledge index in different cities. Therefore, the driving force of extension services did not efficiently work in improving technical knowledge level in all cities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Extension services
  • Factorial analysis of variance
  • Production cooperative
  • sugar beet
  • Technical Knowledge

اصل مقاله

 

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