تاثیر ملاتونین بر تنش ناشی از فرار فومسافن روی چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

تنش ناشی از پسمان خاکی و یا فرار فومسافن روی چغندرقند می­تواند بهره­وری تولید آنرا کاهش دهد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مصون­سازی چغندرقند در برابر تنش ناشی از فرار فومسافن با ملاتونین، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار در بهار 1402 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان اجرا گردید. عامل اول شامل کاربرد چهار دوز فومسافن (0، 1000/1، 100/1 و 10/1 دوز برچسب شده) در مرحله چهار برگی چغندرقند بود. عامل دوم شامل سه سطح روش کاربرد ملاتونین (عدم کاربرد، پیش تیمار بذر و محلول­پاشی بوته در مرحله دو برگی با محلول ملاتونین 1 میلی­مولار) بود. در غیاب فومسافن، محلول­پاشی بوته با ملاتونین تاثیری بر وزن بوته نداشت ولی پیش تیمار بذر با ملاتونین وزن خشک ریشه را از 46/0 به 56/0 گرم و وزن خشک اندام هوایی را از 1/21 به 1/36 گرم افزایش داد. کاربرد 1000/1 دوز برچسب شده فومسافن موجب گیاه­سوزی 71 درصدی شد که با پیش تیمار بذر و محلول­پاشی بوته با ملاتونین به ترتیب به 54 و 42 درصد کاهش پیدا کرد. اگرچه فعالیت آنزیم­ سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و کاتالاز با افزایش دوز فومسافن به طور پیوسته کاهش یافت، اما در هر سطحی از دوز علف­کش، ملاتونین سبب افزایش معنی­دار فعالیت آنها شد و تفاوتی بین روش کاربرد ملاتونین نیز مشاهده نشد. فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز با افزایش دوز فومسافن ابتدا یک روند افزایشی و سپس کاهشی نشان داد. در کل، فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در روش محلول­پاشی بوته با ملاتونین بیشتر از روش پیش تیمار بذر با ملاتونین بود. در هر سطحی از دوز فومسافن، ملاتونین توانست محتوی مآلون­دی­آلدئید را در چغندرقند کاهش دهد و تفاوتی بین روش کاربرد ملاتونین نیز مشاهده نشد. براساس نتایج، ملاتونین قادر به کاهش تنش ناشی از فرار فومسافن روی چغندرقند است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of melatonin on the stress caused by fomesafen on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Aliverdi 1
  • H. Mansouri 2
1 Associate Professor Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The stress caused by soil residues or fomesafen fumes on sugar beet can reduce its production efficiency. The current study was carried out to protect sugar beet against the stress caused by fomesafen with melatonin in a factorial completely randomized design with five replications in spring of 2023 in the Research Greenhouse of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan. The first factor included the application of four doses of fomesafen (0, 1/1000, 1/100, and 1/10 × the labeled dose) at the four-leaf stage of sugar beet. The second factor included three methods of melatonin application (no application, pre-treatment of the seed, and foliar-spraying at the two-leaf stage with 1 mM melatonin solution). In the absence of fomesafen, foliar-spraying with melatonin did not affect plant weight, but pre-treatment of the seed with melatonin increased root dry weight from 0.46 to 0.56 g and shoot dry weight from 1.21 to 1.36 g. Application of 1/1000 × labeled dose of fomesafen caused 71% phytotoxicity, which was reduced to 54% and 42% phytotoxicity by pre-treatment of the seed and foliar-spraying with melatonin, respectively. Although the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased steadily as the dose of fomesafen increased, melatonin caused a significant increase in their activity at each herbicide dose level, and no difference was observed between the methods of melatonin application. The activity of peroxidase showed an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increase in fomesafen dose. In general, peroxidase activity was higher in foliar spraying than in pre-treatment of the seed with melatonin. At each herbicide dose, melatonin reduced the malondialdehyde content in sugar beet, and no difference was observed between the methods of melatonin application. Based on the results, melatonin can decrease fomesafen-induced stress on sugar beet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drift
  • Herbicide
  • Hormone
  • Stress
  • Sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 39، شماره 1
شهریور 1402
صفحه 77-90

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