بررسی امکان توسعه کشت چغندرقند پاییزه و بهبود بهره‌وری آب در میاناب شوشتر

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی‌آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج، دزفول، ایران.

2 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

چغندرقند پاییزه از محصولات مهم در تناوب زراعی شهرستان‌های شوش و دزفول بوده و جایگاه مهمی در اقتصاد منطقه و استان خوزستان دارد. استفاده از بارش‌های پاییزه و بالا بودن بهره‌وری آب در محصول چغندرقند پاییزه موجب شده تا توسعه کشت این گیاه در سایر اراضی کشاورزی استان به‌ویژه شهرستان شوشتر و شهرستان‌های مجاور مورد توجه قرار گیرد. از این رو مطالعه حاضر در سال زراعی 1399-1398 با سه مدیریت آبیاری سطحی شامل: آبیاری بر اساس مدیریت بهره‌بردار (I1)، آبیاری برنامه‌ریزی‌شده (I2) و آبیاری جویچه‌ای یک‌درمیان متناوب (I3) در سه تکرار در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در یکی از مزارع تجهیز و نوسازی شده در دشت میاناب شوشتر اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که عملکردریشه در سه تیمار I1، I2 و I3 در یک سطح (به‌ترتیب 81/7، 91/6 و 83/1 تن در هکتار) و بهره‌وری آب کاربردی (آبیاری و بارش) محصول شکر در دو تیمار I2 و I3 به یک میزان (به‌ترتیب 13/9 و 13/8 کیلوگرم ریشه بر مترمکعب آب کاربردی) و بالاتر از I1 (9/7 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب آب کاربردی) بود. ازاین‌رو توسعه کشت چغندرقند در اراضی میاناب شوشتر به‌صورت آبیاری برنامه‌ریزی‌شده (تیمار I2) توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the feasibility of developing autumn-sown sugar beet growing and improving water productivity in Mianab, Shushtar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Khorramian 1
  • M. Hosseinpour 2
1 Assistant Professor Agricultural Engineering Research Department. Safiabad Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resources Center, AREEO, Dezful, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute(SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Autumn-sown sugar beet has an important role in the crop rotation in Shush and Dezful cities, and also a significant place in the economy of the region as well as Khuzestan province. The use of autumn rainfall and high water productivity of autumn-sown sugar beet growing led to the development of the crop planting in other agricultural lands of the province, especially Shushtar city and neighboring cities. Therefore, the current study was performed with three surface irrigation management including irrigation based on grower management (I1), schedueled irrigation (I2) and alternate furrow irrigation (I3) in one of the equipped and renovated fields in the Mianab plain of Shushtar in the crop season 2019-20 in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that root yield in all three treatments was similar (81.7, 91.6 and 83.1 t ha-1, respectively) and the water productivity (irrigation and rainfall) of the produced sugar in treatments I2 and I3 was similar (13.9 and 13.8 kg m-3, respectively) and higher than I1 (9.7 kg m-3). Therefore, development of sugar beet planting in the lands of Mianab is recommended by implementing scheduled irrigation (I2 treatment).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alternate furrow irrigation
  • Autumn-sown sugar beet
  • Water use efficiency
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