تأثیر شوری بر تغییرات و نحوه‌ی توارث صفات کمی و کیفی در چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان؜غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایران

4 استادیار بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

5 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

6 کارشناس مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

شوری یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیرزنده و عامل محدودکننده برای محصولات زراعی در سرتاسر جهان به شمار می‌رود. به‌منظور بررسی میزان تأثیر تنش شوری بر صفات کمی و کیفی، 140 ژنوتیپ مختلف چغندرقند (هیبرید و خانواده تنی‌) تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری در گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین شرایط نرمال و تنش به لحاظ صفات وزن خشک‌ریشه و اندام‌هوایی، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، طول ریشه، سطح برگ، طول دمبرگ، نسبت وزن ریشه به اندام‌هوایی، همچنین میزان پرولین، سدیم، پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود دارد. بین ژنوتیپ‌ها برای صفات وزن خشک‌کل، وزن تر و خشک اندام‌هوایی، وزن خشک‌ریشه و سطح‌برگ اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت. شوری باعث افزایش میزان سدیم و پرولین و کاهش میزان پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم شد. پایین بودن میزان وارثت‌پذیری عمومی در شرایط نرمال در صفات عملکردی نشان می‌دهد که این صفات تحت تأثیر عوامل محیطی قرار دارند. در مقابل، بیشترین میزان وراثت‌پذیری عمومی برای صفات میزان سدیم و پتاسیم مشاهده شد که نشان‌دهنده‌ی تأثیرپذیری بیشتر این صفات از عوامل ژنتیکی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of salinity on variation and inheritance of quantitative and qualitative traits in sugar beet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolmajid Khorshid 1
  • Abazar Rajabi 2
  • Ali Akbar Asasdi 3
  • H. Azizi 4
  • B. Babaee 5
  • F. Baba 6
1 Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO). Urmia, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Zanjan, Iran
4 1. Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran.
5 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
6 Expert of Sugar Beet Seed Institute(SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses and growth-limiting factors for agricultural crops throughout the world. To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on quantitative and qualitative traits, 140 sugar beet genotypes (hybrid and full-sib) were screened under normal and salinity stress in the greenhouse. The trial was conducted in split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that there was a significant difference between normal and stress conditions in terms of root dry weight, shoot dry weight, relative water content, root length, leaf area, petiole length, root to shoot ratio, proline content, sodium content, potassium content, and potassium to sodium ratio. There were also significant difference among genotypes for total dry weight, shoot fresh and dry weight, root dry weight and leaf area. Salinity increased the amount of sodium and proline and decreased the amount of potassium and potassium to sodium ratio. The low level of broad-sense heritability under normal condition for yield-related traits indicates that these traits are affected by environmental factors. In contrast, the highest rate of broad-sense heritability was related to the sodium and potassium contents, indicating that these traits are affected by genetic factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic analysis
  • Mmorpho-physiological traits
  • Salinity stress
  • Sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 38، شماره 2
مهر 1401
صفحه 227-241

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