غربال لاین‌های اوتایپ چغندرقند از نظر مقاومت به‌ پوسیدگی ریزوکتونیایی ریشه

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

به ­منظور شناسایی لاین‌های اوتایپ چغندرقند مقاوم به پوسیدگی ریشه ریزوکتونیایی، تعداد 51 لاین‌ اوتایپ به همراه شاهد مقاوم و حساس در میکروپلات‌های ایستگاه اکباتان مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان در سال 1400 ارزیابی شدند. برای آلوده­سازی مصنوعی­ بوته­ها، جدایه Rh133 از قارچ Rhizoctonia solani- AG2-2 بر روی بذر ذرت تکثیر و در کنار ریشه‌های 63 روزه چغندرقند قرار داده شد. در پایان فصل، ریشه‌ها برداشت و بر اساس مقیاس یک تا نه نمره‌دهی انجام و شاخص بیماری و شاخص برداشت بر مبنای آن برآورد شدند. مقایسه میانگین ژنوتیپ­ها نشان داد اوتایپ­های شماره 9 (FCOT 990084) و 19 (FCOT 990094) به ترتیب با مقادیر 55/3و76/3 واحد کمترین مقدار شاخص بیماری و با مقادیر 49/82 و 49/32 درصد بالاترین شاخص برداشت را به خود اختصاص دادند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه خوشه­ای 48 ژنوتیپ چغندرقند تحت شرایط میکروپلات به پنچ گروه تقسیم شدند بین این گروه­ها از نظر تعداد بوته، تعداد ریشه، شاخص بیماری و شاخص برداشت اختلاف معنی­داری وجود داشت. اوتایپ­های شماره4 (FCOT 990079)،9 (FCOT 990084)، 19 (FCOT 990094)، 30 (FCOT 990105)، 47 (FCOT 990122) و رقم شاهد مقاوم 52 (Check1) در گروه شماره 5 قرار گرفتند که بالاترین مقدار شاخص برداشت و پایین­ترین شاخص بیماری را به خود اختصاص دادند. گروه‌بندی ژنوتیپ‌های اوتایپ بر اساس شاخص SIIG نشان داد ژنوتیپ­های شماره 19 (FCOT 990094) و 9 (FCOT 990084)، 30 (FCOT 990105)، 4 (FCOT 990079)، 47 (FCOT 990122) به ترتیب با مقادیر0/854 و 0/824، 0/741، 0/708 و 0/701  نزدیک­ترین ژنوتیپ­ها به ژنوتیپ های ایده­آل از لحاظ مقاومت به ریزوکتونیا بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening O-type lines of sugar beet in terms of resistance to rhizoctonia root rot

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Hamze
  • M. Hassani
  • H. Mansouri
Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to distinguish O-type lines of sugar beet  resistant to rhizoctonia root rot, 51 Otype lines along with resistant and susceptible controls were evaluated in the microplots at Ekbatan Station in Hamedan in 2021. To inoculate the seedlings to rhizoctonia, isolate Rh133 from rhizoctonia solani-AG2-2 fungus were propagated on corn seeds and placed next to root of 63-day-old plants. At the end of the season, roots were harvested and scored based on a scale of 1 to 9; thereafter, the disease index as well as harvest index were estimated. Results showed that Otypes 9 (FCOT 990084) and 19 (FCOT 990094) had the lowest disease index of 3.55 and 3.76, respectively, , and consequently the highest harvest index of 49.82 and 49.32%, respectively. Based on the results of cluster analysis, 48 sugar beet genotypes were divided into five groups under microplate condition. There was a significant difference among groups in terms of plant number, root number, disease index, and harvest index. Otypes 4 (FCOT 990079), 9 (FCOT 990084), 19 (FCOT 990094), 30 (FCOT 990105), and 47 (FCOT 990122) together with resistant control, cultivar 52 were placed in cluster 5 which had the highest harvest index and the lowest disease index. Grouping of Otype genotypes based on SIIG index showed that genotypes 19 (FCOT 990094), 9 (FCOT 990084), 30 (FCOT 990105), 4(FCOT 990079), and 47 (FCOT 990122) with values of 0.854, 0.824, 0.741, 0.708, and 0.701 were the closest genotypes to the ideal genotypes in terms of resistance to rhizoctonia.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disease index
  • Otype
  • Rhizoctonia root rot
  • Sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 37، شماره 2
مهر 1400
صفحه 153-165

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