مقدار آب سمپاشی بهینه برای کاربرد تری‌فلوسولفورون-متیل علیه تاج‌خروس ریشه قرمز

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی شناسایی و مبارزه با علف های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

انتخاب درست مقدار آب برای تهیه محلول سم‌پاشی، روشی در جهت بهینه­سازی کارایی علف­کش شاخ و برگ مصرف است ولی تأثیر آن بر کارایی تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل مشخص نیست. از این‌رو، در آزمایشی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در تابستان سال 1396، شش مقدار تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل (سافاری) شامل (صفر، 1/125، 2/25، 4/5، 9 و 18 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار) با 10 مقدار آب سم‌پاشی (60، 80، 120، 160، 200، 240، 320، 400، 480 و 640 لیتر آب در هکتار که به‌ترتیب با کمک نازل بادبزنی استاندارد با شماره­های 1100075، 11001، 110015، 11002، 110025، 11003، 11004، 11005، 11006 و 11008 حاصل شد) روی تاج‌خروس در مراحل رشدی یک، دو و سه برگی، پاشیده شدند. در آزمایشی مزرعه­ای، مقدار 18 گرم تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل در هکتار با 10 مقدار آب سم‌پاشی مذکور در مرحله رشدی دو الی سه برگ تاج‌خروس پاشیده شد. در مرحله یک برگی، کمترین و بیشترین مقدار تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل لازم برای گیاه‌سوزی 50 درصدی (ED50) با شماره نازل­های 1100075 و 11008 به‌ترتیب برابر 2/15 و 15/31 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار به‌دست آمد. در مرحله دو برگی، کمترین و بیشترین مقدار (ED50)  با شماره نازل­های­ 1100075 و 11008 به‌ترتیب برابر 2/98 و 12/16 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار به‌دست آمد. در مرحله سه برگی، کمترین مقدار (ED50) با شماره نازل­های 1100075 و 11001 به‌ترتیب برابر 3/86 و 3/37 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار حاصل شد. ولی بیشترین مقدار آن با شماره نازل­های 11004، 11005، 11006 و 11008 به‌ترتیب برابر 8/51، 8/70، 9/62 و 9/84 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار به‌دست آمد. در کل، نتایج آزمایش مزرعه­ای مشابه آزمایش گلخانه­ای بود و ثابت کرد که برای کنترل بهتر تاج‌خروس با تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل به مقدار آب سمپاشی کمتری نیاز است، یعنی هر چقدر قطرات پاشش ریزتر و غلیظ­تر بودند، کارایی تری­فلوسولفورون-متیل علیه تاج‌خروس بیشتر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimal spray water volume for application of triflusulfuron-methyl against redroot pigweed

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Aliverdi 1
  • N. Zendehpak 2
1 Assistant Professor in Weed Science, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Bachelor’s Degree in Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Choosing the exact amount of water to prepare the spraying solution is a method to optimize the efficiency of the foliage herbicide, but its effect on the efficency of triflusulfuron-methyl is not known. Therefore, in a study in the Research Greenhouse of Bu-Ali Sina University in the summer of 2017, six doses of triflusulfuron-methyl (Safary®) including 0, 1.125, 2.25, 4.5, 9, and 18 g a.i. ha-1 were sprayed with 10 amounts of spraying water (60, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 400, 480, and 640 L water ha-1 with the help of a standard fan nozzle with 1100075, 11001, 110015, 11002, 110025, 11003, 11004, 11005, 11006 and 11008 sizes, respectively) on redroot pigweed at 1-, 2- and 3-leaf stages. In a field experiment, triflusulfuron-methyl at 18 g a.i. ha-1 was sprayed with ten amounts of the above-mentioned spraying water at 2 to 3-leaf growth stage. At the one-leaf stage, the minimum (2.51 g a.i. ha-1) and maximum (2.51 g a.i. ha-1) dose of triflusulfuron-methyl required for 50% desiccation (ED50) with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11008. At two-leaf stage, the minimum and maximum values of ED50 were obtained with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11008 equal to 2.98 and 12.16 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. At the three-leaf stage, the lowest value of ED50 were obtained with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11001 equal to 3.86 and 3.37 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. However, the highest ED50 values was obtained with nozzle sizes of 11004, 11005, 11006 and 11008 equal to 8.51, 8.70, 9.62 and 9.54 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. Overall, results of the field experiment were similar to the greenhouse experiment and showed that less amount of spraying water is needed to better control redroot pigweed with triflusulfuron-methyl; means that application of triflusulfuron-methyl against redroot pigweed is more effective using the smaller and thicker spray droplets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Herbicide
  • Spray water volume
  • Sugar beet
  • Weed
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