تاثیر نانوکلات روی و مایکوریزا بر خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی برگ و عملکرد ریشه چغندرقند ( Beta vulgaris L.) تحت تیمارهای آبیاری

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران.

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیر کاربرد نانوکلات روی و مایکوریزا بر خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی برگ و عملکرد ریشه چغندرقند تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی به­صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1398 انجام شد. تیمارهای آبیاری شامل آبیاری بعد از 60، 90 و 120 میلی­متر تبخیر از طشتک کلاس A در کرت­های اصلی و تیمارهای کودی (شاهد، تلقیح با مایکوریزا، نانوکلات روی و نانوکلات روی+ مایکوریزا) در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. در این تحقیق تیمار آبیاری بعد از 120 میلی­متر تبخیر در مقایسه با تیمار آبیاری بعد از 60 میلی­متر تبخیر مقدار کلروفیل a، (17/01 درصد)، کلروفیل b (8/09 درصد)، کاروتنوئید (28/78 درصد) و مهار آنزیم سوپراکسید (31/14 درصد) را کاهش و محتوی فلاونوئید برگ (25/47 درصد) را افزایش داد. در بین تیمارهای کودی، تیمار نانوکلات روی + مایکوریزا بالاترین محتوی کلروفیل a، (9/30 میلی­گرم بر گرم)، کلروفیل b (3/84 میلی­گرم بر گرم)، محتوی کاروتنوئید (3/94 میلی­گرم بر گرم) و مهار آنزیم سوپراکسید (33/53 درصد) را به خود اختصاص داد. اثر متقابل آبیاری و کود در تیمار آبیاری بعد از 60 میلی­متر تبخیر همراه با تیمار کودی نانو کلات روی + مایکوریزا بالاترین محتوی مهار رادیکال نیتریک اسید (23/45 درصد) و عملکرد ریشه (82/62 تن در هکتار) و کم­ترین محتوی پرولین برگ (0/49 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) و محتوی فنل برگ (34/19 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید در گرم ماده خشک) را به خود اختصاص داد. در این مطالعه کاربرد مایکوریزا به‌خصوص در شرایط کم­آبی از طریق بهبود خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی و تنظیم فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی‌اکسیدانت توانست اثر تنش کم­آبی را بر عملکرد ریشه تعدیل نموده و عملکرد ریشه را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of zinc nano- chelate and mycorrhizae on biochemical properties of leaf and root yield in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris. L) under irrigation treatments

نویسندگان [English]

  • I. Golabi lak 1
  • T. Mir mahmodi 2
  • H. Hamze 3
1 Ms.c. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
2 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran.
3 Assistant professor of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hamedan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of zinc nano-chelate and mycorrhizae on the biochemical properties of leaf and root yield under different irrigation levels, a split-plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2019. Irrigation treatments including irrigation after 60-, 90-, and 120-mm of evaporation from class A pan were allocated to the main plots and fertilizer treatments (control, inoculation with mycorrhiza, zinc nano-chelate, and zinc nano-chelate + mycorrhiza) to the sub-plots. In this study, irrigation after 120 mm of evaporation reduced the amount of chlorophyll a (17.01%), chlorophyll b (8.09%), carotenoid content (28.78%) and superoxide enzyme inhibition (31.14%), and increased leaf flavonoid content (25.47%), compared with irrigation after 60 mm of evaporation. Among the fertilizer treatments, zinc nano-chelate + mycorrhiza treatment had the highest chlorophyll-a (9.30 mg/g fresh weight), chlorophyll b (3.84 mg/g), carotenoid content (3.94 mg/g), superoxide enzyme inhibition (33.53 percent). The interaction effect of irrigation and fertilizer in irrigation after 60 mm of evaporation along with nano-chelate zinc + mycorrhiza fertilizer treatment had the highest nitric acid radical inhibition (23.45 percent) and root yield (82.62 t/ha), and the lowest leaf proline content (0.49 mg/g), as well as leaf phenol content (34.19 mg of gallic acid/ g dry weight). In this study, application of mycorrhiza, especially under water deficit conditions, through improving biochemical properties and regulation of antioxidant enzymes activity, was able to moderate the effect of water stress on root yield and also increase root yield compared with control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Bio-fertilizer
  • Chlorophyll
  • Root yield
  • Water deficit

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چغندرقند
دوره 37، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 75-86

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