ارزیابی مقاومت ارقام چغندرقند به پوسیدگی ریزوکتونیایی ریشه در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 دانشیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 مربی بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

بیماری پوسیدگی ریزوکتونیایی ریشه و طوقه چغندرقند در ایران عمدتاً توسط Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 وR. solani AG-4 ایجاد می­شود. در این پژوهش مقاومت ارقام تجاری خارجی و داخلی در دسترس کشاورزان در برابر هر دو گروه آناستوموزی AG 2-2 و AG 4 بیمارگر در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه بررسی شد. در شرایط گلخانه بذر 18 رقم به همراه یک رقم شاهد (جلگه) در گلدان کاشته شد و پس از رسیدن بوته­ها به سن هشت هفتگی، توسط دانه­های ذرت آلوده به جدایه­های R. solani AG 2-2 و R. solani AG 4 مایه­زنی شدند. شش هفته بعد از مایه­زنی شدت آلودگی روی ریشه هر بوته با مقیاس نه گانه (1 تا 9) اندازه‌گیری شد. در ارزیابی مزرعه­ای، ارقام در یک مزرعه با سابقه آلودگی هریک در سه تکرار در خطوط 50 متری کشت شدند و در زمان برداشت، شدت آلودگی روی ریشه­ها بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو شرایط گلخانه­ای و مزرعه­ای بین ارقام مختلف با شاهد حساس و همچنین بین خود ارقام از نظر آماری اختلاف معنی­دار وجود داشت. همچنین واکنش کلی ارقام به هر دو گروه آناستوموزی مشابه بود. در مجموع ارقام اکباتان، IRIS، AIGRETTE، NOVODORO، IVANO، NOVELLA، TOURELLE، MODEX، EFESOS و CADET کمترین آلودگی را در شرایط مختلف آزمایش داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of sugar beet commercial cultivars resistance to rhizoctonia root rot in greenhouse and field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Shekholeslami 1
  • A. Jalilian 2
  • H. Younesi 3
1 Assistant professor of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Associate professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Instructor of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Rhizoctonia root rot mainly caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 and R. solani AG-4 is a sugar beet disease in Iran. In this study, the resistance of foreign and domestic commercial cultivars, available to farmers, against both pathogenic groups of AG 2-2 and AG 4 was evaluated in greenhouse and field conditions. Under greenhouse condition, 18 cultivars were planted in pots along with a control cultivar (Jolgeh) and after 8-weeks, seedlings were inoculated with corn seeds infected with R. solani AG 2-2 and R. solani AG 4 isolates. Six weeks after inoculation, the intensity of contamination on the roots of each plant was measured based on a nine-point scale (1 to 9). For field evaluation, cultivars were planted in a contaminated field in 50-m-long rows with three replications and the intensity of root infection was evaluated at harvest. Results showed that there was a significant difference between cultivars and susceptible control and also among cultivars in both greenhouse and field conditions. Also, the general response of cultivars to both pathogenic groups was similar. In total, Ekbatan, Iris, Aigrette, Novodoro, Ivano, Novella, Tourelle, Modex, Efesos and Cadet cultivars had the lowest infection under different trial conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivar
  • Pathogenic group
  • Rhizoctonia root rot
  • Sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 37، شماره 1
شهریور 1400
صفحه 1-10

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