تأثیر اندازه وزنی ریشه چغندرقند در تخمین ساکارز به روش چگالیسنجی در مقایسه با روش پلاریمتری

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

2 استاد- گروه شیمی-دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی-قزوین-ایران

3 استادیار-گروه شیمی- دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی-قزوین-ایران

4 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تخمین ساکارز چغندرقند به روش چگالی‌سنجی به دلیل عدم تخریب نمونه، ارزانی، سرعت اندازه­گیری و نداشتن اثر مخرب زیست‌محیطی در مقایسه با روش پلاریمتری اهمیت دارد. پژوهش حاضر در سال 1398 با هدف بررسی اثر اندازه؜ی وزنی ریشه 10 رقم داخلی و خرجی چغندرقند  جهت تخمین ساکارز آن به روش چگالی‌سنجی در مقایسه با روش پلاریمتری انجام گرفت.  به این منظور، به‌طور تصادفی 150 ریشه چغندرقند سالم کشت‌شده در منطقه کرج انتخاب شدند. هر ریشه یک نمونه آزمایشی بود. نمونه­ها پس از توزین و تعیین چگالی، خمیرگیری شدند. شاخص­های کیفی مورد ارزیابی شامل ساکارز، ماده خشک، تفاله، مواد جامد محلول بودند. شناسایی داده­های پرت به روش استانداردسازی باقیمانده­ها انجام گرفت. نمونه­ها در گروه­های 100 گرمی به 13 کلاس وزنی تقسیم و سپس رابطه خطی بین چگالی و ساکارز برای هر کلاس تعیین شد. مقایسه آماری بین شیب و عرض از مبدأ روابط خطی به شکل پلکانی از کوچک‌ترین کلاس وزنی با کلاس وزنی بالاتر انجام و در صورت نداشتن اختلاف معنی­دار (p>0.05) داده­ها در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد میانگین قند، ماده خشک، تفاله و درجه خلوص نمونه­های مورد بررسی به ترتیب 10/15، 23/46، 4/06 و 73/84 درصد بودند. ضریب تعیین (R2) حاصل از رابطه خطی بین چگالی و ساکارز در کلاس­های وزنی با افزایش وزن ریشه کاهش نشان داد، به‌طوری که 0/997 =R2 برای ریشه­های کوچک‌تر از 350 گرم و 0/67=R2 برای ریشه­های بزرگ‌تر از 1450 گرم به دست آمد. مقایسه آماری ضرایب رگرسیونی شیب و عرض از مبدأ روابط خطی بین چگالی (x) و ساکارز (y) در کلاس­های وزنی منتج به سه کلاس با دامنه وزنی کمتر از 350 تا 750 گرم (کوچک) شامل رابطه خطی y=43.38x-32.557 و 0/92=R2، کلاس وزنی متوسط با دامنه وزنی 751 تا 950 گرم (متوسط) با رابطه خطی y=51.55x-41.38 و 0/89=R2 و کلاس وزنی 951 تا ریشه­های بزرگ‌تر از 1450 گرم (بزرگ) با رابطه خطی y=58.05x-48.014 و 0/77=R2 گردید. لذا با در نظر داشتن وزن ریشه جهت تسریع در برآورد درصد ساکارز می­توان از روابط خطی به‌دست‌آمده به روش چگالی‌سنجی به‌جای روش پلاریمتری استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sugar beet root weight on estimation of sucrose using densitometry method versus polarimetry method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Babaee 1
  • Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi khorami 2
  • Amir Bagheri Gramarudi 3
  • M. Abdollahian noghabi 4
1 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
3 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran
چکیده [English]

Estimation of sucrose content in sugar beet through density determination is notable in terms of its non-destructiveness, inexpensive, speed and lack of destructive environmental effects compared with polarimetric method. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sugar beet root weight on sucrose estimation by densitometry compared with polarimetry method. One hundred fifty healthy sugar beet roots cultivated in the field and harvested in Karaj, Iran were randomly selected. Each root was considered as an experimental sample. Brei was prepared from the root samples after weighing and density determination. Qualitative characteristics included sucrose, dry matter, marc, and soluble solids. Identification of outliers’ data was performed by standardization of residues. Samples were divided up into 13 weight classes in 100 g groups and then a linear relationship between density and sucrose was determined for each class. Statistical comparison between slope and intercept of linear relationships was performed in a stepwise manner from the smallest to the highest weight class and if there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) data were placed in a statistical group. Results showed that average sugar content, dry matter, marc, and purity of the samples were 15.10, 23.46, 4.06, and 73.84%, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained from the linear relationship between density and sucrose in weight classes decreased with increasing root weight so that R2 = 0.997 for roots smaller than 350 g and R2 = 0.67 for roots larger than 1450 g was obtained. Statistical comparison of slope and intercept width regression coefficients from the origin of linear relationships between density (x) and sucrose (y) in weight classes resulting in three classes with a weight range of <350-750 g (small) including linear relationship y = 43.38x-32.557 and R2 = 0.92, medium weight class with weight range of 751 to 950 g (average) with linear relationship y = 51.55x-41.38 and R2 = 0.89 and weight class of 951 to roots larger than 1450 g (large) with linear relationship y = 58.05 x-48.014 and R2 = 0.77. Therefore, considering the root weight, the linear relationships obtained by density determination can be used instead of polarimetric method to accelerate the estimation of sucrose content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Density
  • Screening
  • Sucrose
  • Sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 36، شماره 2
مهر 1399
صفحه 129-138

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