مطالعه تأثیر محلول‌پاشی متانول و اسیدآمینه گلایسین بر عملکرد و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک در ارقام مختلف چغندر علوفه‌ای

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک، کیفیت و کمیت ارقام (ژنوتیپ‌های) مختلف چغندر علوفه‌ای تحت محلول‌پاشی متانول و اسیدآمینه گلایسین، پژوهش حاضر در سال 1397 در دو منطقه همدان و قم اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای این آزمایش شامل مصرف متانول در سه سطح (شاهد، 15 و 30 درصد حجمی متانول)، مصرف گلایسین در دو سطح (شاهد و چهار گرم به ازای هر لیتر متانول مصرفی) و ارقام چغندر علوفه‌ای در شش سطح (SBSI050، SBSI051، SBSI052، Brunium، Jamon و Kyros) بود بر اساس نتایج، مناطق مورد ارزیابی تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد را نشان دادند. عملکرد ریشه در منطقه همدان نسبت به قم به‌طور میانگین 40/59 تن در هکتار بیشتر و تفاوت عملکرد کل 45/53 تن در هکتار بود. محلول‌پاشی متانول به‌طور میانگینسبب افزایش عملکرد ریشه به مقدار 16/56 تن در هکتار و عملکرد ماده خشک به میزان 2/85 تن در هکتار نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. اما سطوح مختلف مصرف متانول تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نداشتند. محلول‌پاشی گلایسین نیز تفاوت معنی‌داری را در صفات کمی ایجاد نمود، میانگین عملکرد کل را 17/47 تن در هکتار افزایش داد. در بررسی عملکرد کیفی شامل پروتئین خام و درصد قابلیت هضم ریشه، بین سطوح مختلف متانول و گلایسین تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. نتایج نشان دادند که بین ژنوتیپ‌ها نیز تفاوت معنی‌دار در سطح یک درصد وجود داشت. بر اساس نتایج اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ و متانول، ژنوتیپ kyros در منطقه همدان به انضمام سطح محلول‌پاشی 15 درصد حجمی با ثبت رکورد میانگین 120 تن در هکتار عملکرد ریشه، میانگین 20 تن در هکتار عملکرد ماده خشک ریشه و میانگین 142 تن در هکتار عملکرد کل به‌عنوان بهترین گزینه‌ قابل توصیه می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of methanol and glycine amino acid foliar application on yield and some physiological traits of different fodder beet cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pezhman Haghighi 1
  • Davood Habibi 2
  • Hamid Mozafari 3
  • Behzad Sani 3
  • Mehdi Sadeghi-shoae 4
1 PhD student of Department of Agronomy, Qods City Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Qods City Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the morphological, quantitative and qualitative traits of different fodder beet cultivars (genotypes) under foliar application of methanol and the glycine betaine amino acid, the present study was conducted in 2018 in Hamedan and Qom. The experiment was designed as a factorial split plot in a randomized complete block with three replications. The studied factors were methanol at three levels of foliar application (control, 15 and 30% by volume of methanol) as the first factor, glycine at two levels (control and 4 gL-1 of methanol consumed) the second factor, and six fodder beet cultivars (SBSI050, SBSI051, SBSI052, Brunium, Jamon, and Kyros) as the third factor. Results showed a significant difference (P<0.01) among locations. The root yield in Hamedan region was 40.59 tha-1 more than Qom region. Methanol foliar application increased root yield by an average of 16.56 t ha-1 and dry matter yield by 2.85 tha-1 compared with control treatment. Glycine foliar application also made a significant difference in quantitative traits thorough the average total yield by 17.47 tha-1. There was no significant difference between different levels of methanol and glycine in qualitative traits including crude protein and root digestibility. A significant difference (P<0.01) was observed among genotypes. Based on the results of interaction between genotype and methanol, kyros treatment in Hamedan with applying 15% methanol concentration recorded 120 tha-1 root yield, 20 tha-1 root dry matter yield, and 142 tha-1 total yield which is recommended as the optimum option.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter yield
  • Fodder beet
  • Foliar application
  • Methanol
  • Qualitative traits

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چغندرقند
دوره 36، شماره 2
مهر 1399
صفحه 185-201

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