مدلسازی پتانسیل و خلا عملکرد چغندرقند در ایران

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 داشجوی دکترای گروه زراعت، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

2 استاد گروه زراعت، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران - استاد گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه علوم کشاورزی، واحد کاشمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کاشمر، ایران دانشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه گوئلف، گوئلف، کانادا

چکیده

چغندرقند گیاهی صنعتی و استراتژیک از نقطه نظر تولید شکر در ایران می‌باشد که اطلاعات دقیقی در رابطه با پتانسیل عملکرد و خلا عملکرد آن در ایران در دسترس نیست. این مطالعه با هدف برآورد پتانسیل عملکرد چغندرقند با استفاده از پروتکل گیگا (GYGA) با توجه به شرایط فعلی برای اولین بار در ایران انجام شد. بر اساس این پروتکل مناطق زراعی و اقلیمی (CZ)، ایستگاه‌های هواشناسی مرجع (RWs) و بافرهای محدوده هر ایستگاه هواشناسی در هر منطقه اقلیمی، نوع بافت خاک در محدوده بافرها تعیین و برای ارزیابی پتانسیل عملکرد و خلا عملکرد و تولید از مدل SSM-iCrop2 استفاده شد. در نهایت 28 ایستگاه هواشناسی در 13 منطقه اقلیمی برای چغندرقند انتخاب شد که این 13 اقلیم 92/7 درصد از کل اراضی کشت چغندرقند را در بر می‌گیرد. نتایج حاصل از مدلسازی میزان تولید پتانسیل و خلا محاسبه شده از آن را به ترتیب 11/39 و 6/23 میلیون تن برآورد کرد. عملکرد واقعی(Ya) و عملکرد پتانسیل (Yp) چغندرقند به ترتیب 46/66  و 102/99 تن در هکتار و در نتیجه خلا عملکرد (Yg) چغندرقند در ایران با 56/32 تن در هکتار با عملکرد نسبی *100)(Ya/Yp)RY=) 45 درصد برآورد شد. این موضوع بیانگر این است که با شیوه‌های مدیریت فعلی تنها کمتر از نیمی از پتانسیل عملکرد تولید می­شود­.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling of sugar beet yield gap and potential in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Mohammadzadeh 1
  • Afshin Soltani 2
  • Hossein ajamnorozei 3
  • Amir Behzad Bazrgar 4
1 Phd student of Department of Agronomy, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Professor of Agronomy Group, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
4 Associate professor of Agricultural Sciences Department, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran. and School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON., Canada.
چکیده [English]

Sugar beet is an industrial and strategic crop regarding sugar production in Iran, however, accurate information on its yield potential (Yp) and yield gap (Yg) is limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the yield potential of sugar beet using GYGA protocol according to the current conditions for the first time in Iran. Based on this protocol, agro-climatic zones (CZ), reference weather stations (RWs) and buffers within each meteorological station in each climatic zone as well as the type of soil texture in the buffer range were determined and yield potential, yield gap and production were evaluated using SSM-iCrop2 model. Finally, 28 weather stations were selected for sugar beet in 13 climatic zones which cover 92.7% of total sugar beet cultivation areas. The modeling results estimated the yield potential and yield gap to be 11.39 and 6.23 M t, respectively. Actual yield and the yield potential were 46.663 and 102.986 tha-1, respectively resulting in yield gap of 56.323 t ha-1 for sugar beet production in Iran with a relative yield (RY) of 45%. This indicates that current management practices produce only less than half of the performance potential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate
  • Food security
  • GYGA protocol
  • SSM-iCrop2 model

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