شناسایی دشمنان طبیعی آفات در بعضی مزارع چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) ایران

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر دشمنان طبیعی فعال در مزارع چغندر قند برخی مناطق ایران شامل گنبد، رامیان، آق‌قلا (استان‌ گلستان)، نهاوند (استان‌همدان)، فریدونشهر، برخوار، گلپایگان (استان‌ اصفهان)، شهرکرد (استان‌ چهارمحال و بختیاری)، نقده و میاندوآب (استان‌ آذربایجان غربی) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در مجموع 45 گونه از دشمنان طبیعی شامل ده گونه پارازیتوئید و 35 گونه شکارگر از راسته‌های بال‌غشاییان (خانواده‌ی Braconidae: هفت گونه از شش جنس، خانواده‌ی Ichneumonidae: یک گونه)، دوبالان (خانواده‌ی Tachinidae: دو گونه از دو جنس، خانواده‌ی Asilidae: چهار گونه از چهار جنس، خانواده‌ی Syrphidae: سه گونه از سه جنس)، سخت‌بالپوشان (خانواده‌ی Carabidae: هفت گونه از شش جنس، خانواده‌ی Coccinellidae: پنج گونه از چهار جنس)، سن‌ها (خانواده‌‌ی Anthocoridae: شش گونه از دو جنس، خانواده‌ی Miridae: پنج گونه از سه جنس، خانواده‌ی Nabidae: دو گونه از دو جنس، خانواده‌ی Reduviidae: دو گونه از دو جنس) و بالتوری‌ها (یک گونه از خانواده‌ی Chrysopidae) از مزارع چغندر قند مناطق مختلف کشور جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. با توجه به تنوع گونه‌ای بالای دشمنان طبیعی در مزارع چغندر قند، حمایت از این حشرات مفید در راستای کاهش مصرف آفت‌کش‌های شیمیایی و موفقیت کارآیی دشمنان طبیعی قابل تأکید می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of natural enemies of pests in some sugar beet fields (‌Beta vulgaris L.) in Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • H. Ghahari
Associated Professor of Department of Plant Protection, Yadegar - e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In the present study, natural active enemies of pests in sugar beet fields in some regions of Iran including Gonbad, Ramian, Agha Qala (Golestan province), Nahavand (Hamadan province), Fereydoun-Shahr, Borkhar, Golpayegan (Isfahan province), Shahrekord (Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province), Naghadeh, Miandoab (West Azarbaijan province) were studied. A total of 45 species of natural enemies including 10 parasitoids and 35 predators of the order, Hymenoptera (Braconidae: seven species in six genera; Ichneumonidae: single species), Diptera (Tachinidae: two species in two genera; Asilidae: four species in four genera; Syrphidae: three species in three genera), Coleoptera (Carabidae: seven species in six genera; Coccinellidae: five species in four genera), Hemiptera (Anthocoridae: six species in two genera; Miridae: five species in three genera; Nabidae: two species in two genera; Reduviidae: two species in two genera), and Neuroptera (single species from the family Chrysopidae) were collected and identified in different parts of the country. Due to high diversity of natural enemies in sugar beet fields, the support of these beneficial insects is necessary in order to reduce the consumption of chemical pesticides, and the success of natural enemies effectiveness.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • Natural enemies
  • Predators
  • Parasitoids
  • Sugar beet
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