بررسی تغییرات ژنتیکی برای تحمل به خشکی در فامیل‌های ناتنی چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکترا رشته اصلاح‌نباتات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه اصلاح‌نباتات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار گروه اصلاح‌نباتات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی تغییرات ژنتیکی صفات مرتبط با تحمل به خشکی، تعداد 37 فامیل­ناتنیدر دو شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1393 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. براساس نتایج جدول تجزیه واریانس داده­ها بین دو محیط نرمال و تنش خشکی از لحاظ صفات عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد قندناخالص، عملکرد قندخالص و پایداری غشاء سلولی (01/0P<) ودرصد قندناخالص (05/0P<) اختلاف معنی­دار مشاهده شد. بین ژنوتیپ­های مورد بررسی نیز از لحاظ عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد قند ناخالص، پتاسیم، پایداری غشاءسلولی، کارایی مصرف آب (01/0P<)، عملکرد قندخالص و شاخص­کلروفیل (05/0P<)، اختلاف معنی­دار بود. اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ در محیط نیز برای صفات درصد قندناخالص، سدیم، پتاسیم، درصد قندخالص، درصد استحصال و قند ملاس معنی­دار بود (01/0P<). تنش خشکی به صورت معنی­داری از عملکرد ریشه، درصد قندناخالص، عملکرد قندناخالص، عملکرد قندخالص و پایداری غشاء سلولی کاست. وراثت پذیری عملکرد ریشه و عملکرد قندخالص در شرایط نرمال به ترتیب برابر 0/59 و 0/66 در شرایط تنش به ترتیب برابر 0/63 و 0/80 برآورد شد. در هر دو شرایط، عملکرد قندخالص با صفات عملکرد ریشه، درصد قندناخالص و درصد استحصال شکر همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار و با صفات سدیم، پتاسیم و درصد قند ملاس همبستگی منفی و معنی­دار نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه علیت در هر دو شرایط، صفات درصد قندناخالص، میزان آب نسبی برگ و شاخص کلروفیل اثر مستقیم و معنی­داری بر عملکرد قندخالص نشان دادند. در نهایت بر اساس نتایج تجزیه کلاستر، در هر دو شرایط ژنوتیپ­های مورد بررسی به سه گروه تقسیم شدند و بر این اساس،ژنوتیپ HSF-883 در هر دو شرایط به عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر از نظر عملکرد و کیفیت شناسایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of genetic variation for drought tolerance in sugar beet half-sib families

نویسندگان [English]

  • kayvan fotouhi 1
  • E. Majidi 2
  • Abazar Rajabi 3
  • Reza Azizinejad 4
1 1. Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
4 Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the genetic variation of drought tolerance-related traits in sugar beet half-sib families, two experiments including 37 half-sib families were conducted under normal and drought stress conditions using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research Station of Miandoab, Iran in 2014. Based on the results, significant difference was observed between normal and drought conditions for root yield, white sugar yield, sugar yield, cell membrane stability (P < 0.01), and sugar content (P < 0.05). Significant difference was also observed among genotypes for root yield, sugar yield, K, cell membrane stability, water use efficiency (P < 0.01), white sugar yield, and chlorophyll index (P < 0.05). Genotype × environment interaction had significant effect (P < 0.01) on sugar content, Na, K, white sugar content, extraction coefficient of sugar, and molasses sugar. Drought stress significantly decreased root yield, sugar content, sugar yield, white sugar yield and cell membrane stability. Root yield and white sugar yield had 0.59 and 0.66 heritability under stress condition and 0.63 and 0.80 under normal condition, respectively. Under both conditions, white sugar yield had positive and significant correlation with root yield, sugar content, and extraction coefficient of sugar and negative and significant correlation with Na, K and molasses sugar. According to the path analysis results, under both conditions, sugar content, relative water content, and chlorophyll index had significant effect on white sugar yield. Finally, based on cluster analysis results, in both water treatments the genotypes were classified into three groups and genotype HSF-883 was selected as a superior genotype in terms of yield and quality under both conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • drought
  • Nonstress
  • quality
  • sugar beet

مراجع

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چغندرقند
دوره 33، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 16-1

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