بررسی جایگاه چغندر قند در بخش زراعی استان خراسان رضوی از دیدگاه بهره برداران و سیاستگذاران بخش کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران

10.22092/jsb.2024.366168.1362

چکیده

با ادامه خشکسالی‏ها و کاهش شدید منابع آبی کشور از یک سو و نوسانات گاها بسیار شدید در قیمت محصولات کشاورزی از سوی دیگر، توجه به الگوی کشت محصولات کشاورزی به صورت خاصی مورد توجه دولت مردان قرار گرفته است. با ابلاغ ‏برنامه الگوی کشت از سوی ‏وزارت جهاد کشاورزی و اجرای آن در کشور، اجرای موفقیت آمیز آن در گرو سیاست‏هایی است تا بتواند منافع کشاورزان را به عنوان تصمیم گیر نهایی تامین نماید. با توجه به اهمیت چغندر قند در تامین شکر مورد نیاز کشور و همچنین تامین خوراک کارخانجات چغندر قند، رقابت پذیری این محصول در بین محصولات دیگر جهت ورود به الگوی کشت اهمیت خاصی پیدا کرده است. لذا در این پژوهش وضعیت چغندر قند در استان خراسان رضوی ‏بین محصولات زراعی از نظر شاخصهای مزیت نسبی و درآمدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اطلاعات مورد نیاز از سیستم هزینه تولید محصولات زراعی وزارت جهاد کشاورزی بین سالهای 1395 تا 1398 استخراج شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که در 60 درصد از ‏شهرستان‏های استان خراسان رضوی که کشت چغندر قند انجام می‏شود، این محصول دارای مزیت نسبی است. درجه این مزیت در 40 درصد از شهرستان‏ها پایدار و قابل قبول(بیش از7) است. در اکثر شهرستان‏ها با اختلاف زیاد، رتبه شاخص درآمد خالص چغندر قند بین محصولات زراعی، ‏بهتر از رتبه مزیت نسبی ‏می‏باشد از این رو، در شرایط آزادسازی و ایجاد تجارت آزاد و حذف حمایتهای داخلی، این محصول در برخی مناطق قادر به رقابت نیست و از چرخه تولید حذف می‏گردد. بنابراین لازم است با افزایش بهره وری از طریق افزایش عملکرد و کاهش هزینه‏ها، توان رقابتی این محصول با سایر محصولات زراعی افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the position of sugar beet in the agricultural sector of Khorasan Razavi province from the point of view of agricultural sector policy makers and users

نویسنده [English]

  • shojaat zare
: Assistant Professor and Faculty Member of Economic, social and extension Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

With the continuation of droughts and the severe reduction of the countries water resources on the one hand and the sometimes very severe fluctuations in the price of agricultural products on the other hand, attention to the pattern of agricultural products has been specially paid attention to by the statesmen. With the notification of the cultivation pattern program by the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad and its implementation in the country, its successful implementation depends on policies to ensure the interests of farmers as the final decision maker. Considering the importance of sugar beet in supplying the country's sugar needs and also providing feed for sugar beet factories, the competitiveness of this product among other products has become particularly important to enter the cultivation pattern. Therefore, in this research, the status of sugar beet in Razavi Khorasan province was investigated among crops in terms of relative advantage and income indicators. The required information was extracted from the crop production cost system of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture between 2015 and 2018. The results of the study showed that in 60% of the cities of Razavi Khorasan province where sugar beet cultivation is done, this product has a relative advantage. The degree of this advantage is stable and acceptable (more than 7) in 40% of the cities. In most of the cities, with a large difference, the rank of sugar beet net income index among agricultural crops is better than the rank of relative advantage. Therefore, in the conditions of liberalization and creation of free trade and elimination of domestic support, this product in some regions, is not able to compete and is removed from the production cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the competitiveness of this product with other crops by increasing productivity through increasing yield and reducing costs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Comparative advantage
  • opportunity cost
  • net income
  • domestic resource cost index
  • cultivation pattern

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چغندرقند
دوره 40، شماره 1
شهریور 1403
صفحه 123-138

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