ارزیابی اثر پرتوتابی اشعه‌ گاما بر عملکرد و صفات بیوشیمیایی چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L) پاییزه در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

5 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

10.22092/jsb.2024.364931.1346

چکیده

در این تحقیق تغییرات صفات بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد ارقام مختلف چغندرقند پاییزه پس از پرتوتابی با اشعه‌ گاما در شرایط تنش‌شوری در منطقه جعفریه واقع در استان قم در دو سال زراعی 1398 و 1399 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گردید. کرت اصلی شامل آب آبیاری در دو سطح (آب نرمال و آب شور با هدایت‌الکتریکی 7000 الی 10000 میکروموس بر سانتی‌متر) و کرت‌های فرعی ترکیبی از ارقام چغندرقند (شریف، آنتک و یودورو) و پرتوتابی با اشعه گاما (شاهد، 50، 100، 200 و 400 گری) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیت آنزیم روبیسکو در هر سه رقم تحت تنش‌شوری کاهش یافت، بیشترین میزان فعالیت روبیسکو در شرایط نرمال و در شرایط تنش‌شوری در رقم یودورو و در سطوح 50 و 100 گری رخ داد. غلظت مالون دی‌آلدئید در رقم یودورو و آنتک با تابش گاما کاهش و در رقم شریف افزایش یافت. در هر سه رقم بیشترین میزان محتوای کلروفیل در سطوح تابش 100 و 200 گری اشعه گاما با افزایش 16-15 درصدی نسبت به شاهد همراه بود. در شرایط تنش شوری در سطوح 100 و 200 گری بالاترین میانگین عملکردریشه مشاهده شد. تنش‌شوری منجر به کاهش عملکرد قند در ارقام یودورو، آنتک و شریف به‌ترتیب میزان 26/7 ، 17/5 و 31/5 درصد گردید. رقم آنتک با کاهش عملکرد قند کمتری نسبت به دو رقم دیگر مواجه گردید. در مجموع رقم آنتک در مقایسه با ارقام دیگر عملکرد و تحمل بالاتری را به شوری نشان دادند و پرتودهی با اشعه گاما بر این تحمل اثر مثبتی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of gamma ray irradiation on yield and biochemical traits of autumn sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under salinity stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maisam Naji 1
  • Davood Habibi 2
  • Marjan Diyanat 3
  • Weria Weisany 4
  • Mehdi Sadeghi-shoae 5
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Industry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
5 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, changes in biochemical traits and yield of different autumn-sown sugar beet cultivars treated with gamma ray irradiation under salinity stress condition were evaluated in Jafariyeh region located in Qom province in two crop seasons of 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted as a split factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plot includes irrigation at two levels (normal water and saline water with electrical conductivity of 7000 to 10000 µmos cm-1) and sub-plots were combination of sugar beet cultivars (Sharif, Antek, and Eudoro) and gamma radiation (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 Gy). Results showed that the activity of rubisco enzyme decreased in all three cultivars under salinity stress, however the highest level of rubisco activity under both normal and salinity stress conditions observed in Eudoro cultivar at 50 and 100 Gy levels. The concentration of malondialdehyde in Eudoro and Antek cultivars decreased by gamma radiation while increased in Sharif cultivar. In all three cultivars, the highest amount of chlorophyll content at 100 and 200 Gy gamma ray radiation levels was associated with an increase of 15-16% compared with control. Under salinity condition at 100 and 200 Gy levels, the highest average root yield was observed. Salinity stress caused a decrease in sugar yield in Eudoro, Antek and Sharif by 26.7%, 17.5% and 31.5%, respectively. Antek cultivar had a lower sugar yield than the other two cultivars. In general, Antek cultivar showed a higher yield and tolerance to salinity compared with other cultivars, and gamma ray irradiation had a positive effect on this tolerance

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase
  • dialdehyde
  • malon
  • relative water content
  • rubisco
  • sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 39، شماره 2
مهر 1402
صفحه 165-180

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