بررسی امکان مؤثر بودن کاربرد سیلیس در مقاومت چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) به سس زراعی (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار علوم علف‌های هرز، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

10.22092/jsb.2024.364918.1345

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر جهت بررسی کاربرد سیلیس بر روی چغندرقند به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار در اواخر بهار 1402 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان بر روی «رقم شکوفا» اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شامل غلظت سیلیس در پنج سطح 1، 2، 3، 4 و 5 میلی‌مول در شکل سیلیکات سدیم و  فاکتور دوم شامل روش کاربرد سیلیس در سه سطح پیش‌تیمار بذر، آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی در مراحل رشد 1، 3 و 5 برگی چغندرقند بود. نتایج حاکی از وجود اثر متقابل میان فاکتورها بر وزن خشک ریشه و اندام‌هوایی چغندرقند و وزن خشک و تعداد مکینه سس زراعی بود. یک بوته سس زراعی توانست وزن ریشه و اندام‌هوایی یک بوته‌ چغندرقند را به‌ترتیب 48/6 و 40/1 درصد کاهش دهد. صفات اندازه‌گیری شده در چغندرقند و سس زراعی تحت تأثیر پیش‌تیمار بذر با سیلیس قرار نگرفتند. میان وزن خشک چغندرقند و وزن خشک سس زراعی رابطه‌ای منفی مشاهده شد. کاربرد یک میلی‌مولار سیلیس با هر سه روش کاربرد تأثیری بر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده در چغندرقند و سس زراعی نداشت. با افزایش غلظت سیلیس به‌کار رفته از طریق آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی به‌طور پیوسته وزن خشک ریشه و اندام‌هوایی چغندرقند افزایش ولی وزن خشک و تعداد مکینه سس زراعی کاهش یافت. کمترین تعداد مکینه با کاربرد پنج میلی‌مولار سیلیس از طریق آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی مشاهده شد که منجر به کاهش بیش از 50 درصدی در تعداد میکنه سس زراعی شد. برتری نسبی روش کاربرد سیلیس از طریق آبیاری در مقایسه با روش کاربرد سیلیس از طریق محلول‌پاشی کاملاً مشهود بود. از این‌رو، با اجرای آزمایشات تکمیلی و تایید نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش در مزرعه، کاربرد سیلیس، به‌ویژه از طریق آبیاری، می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک راهکار مفید جهت کاهش خسارت سس در مزرعه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the possibility of effective application of silicon in the resistance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunck.) under greenhouse condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Aliverdi 1
  • Fereshteh Jalilifard 2
1 Associate Professor in Weed Science, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Despite the previous reports on increased resistance of some crops to field dodder due to the application of silicon, this issue has not been studied on sugar beet. The current research was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design with five replicates in the late spring of 2023 in the Research Greenhouse of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, on sugar beet cultivar Shokofa. The first factor included silicon concentration at five levels: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM in sodium silicate. The second factor included the method of silicon application in three levels: seed pre-treatment, irrigation, and foliar application at 1, 3, and 5-leaf stages. Results revealed an interaction between the factors on the root and shoot dry weight of sugar beet and the dry weight and haustoria of field dodder. Each field dodder plant reduced each sugar beet plant's root and shoot weight by 48.6 and 40.1%, respectively. The traits measured in sugar beet and field dodder were not affected by seed pre-treatment with silicon. A negative relationship was observed between sugar beet dry weight and field dodder dry weight. Applying 1 mM silicon via all three application methods did not affect the traits measured in sugar beet and field dodder. By increasing the concentration of silicon irrigated and sprayed, the root and shoot dry weight of sugar beet increased, but the dry weight and haustoria of field dodder decreased. The lowest haustorium was observed by irrigating and spraying 5 mM silicon, resulting in a 50% reduction in the haustoria of field dodder. The irrigation application method had a relative superiority to the foliar application method. Therefore, by conducting additional experiments and confirming the results of this study under field conditions, the application of silica, especially through irrigation, can be a useful method to reduce the damage of dodder in the field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • dodder
  • haustorium
  • sodium silicate
  • stress
  • sugar beet

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چغندرقند
دوره 39، شماره 2
مهر 1402
صفحه 243-252

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