Document Type : Short paper
Authors
1
Horticulture-Crops Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
2
agricultural reserch center of golestan
3
Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute(SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
4
Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran
5
Department of Crop and Horticultural Science Research, South of Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran
6
Organization of Agriculture-Jahad, Damghan, Iran
10.22092/jsb.2025.365172.1348
Abstract
This research was conducted in the Gonbad Kavous region during the 2022-2023 crop year to investigate the resistance to bolting and the quantitative and qualitative yield of autumn sugar beet varieties. This research considered two planting dates, October 12 and November 16, as main plots. Thirteen foreign cultivars and one new hybrid, along with two resistant foreign check cultivars (Monatunno and Rosagold) commonly used in Golestan Province, were evaluated in subplots using a randomized complete block design at the Gonbad Kavous Agricultural Research Station. The traits examined in this study included root yield, white sugar yield, percentage of sugar, the amount of root impurities (including sodium, potassium, and harmful nitrogen), white sugar percentage and Extraction coefficient of sugar. Planting date had a significant effect on bolting, root and white sugar yield. With a planting date of October 12th, the average root yield was 66.1 tons per hectare. A 35-day delay in planting (planting on Novwmber 16th) led to a 51.5% decrease in root yield. The interaction between planting date and cultivar on root yield was significant. On October 12th, the cultivars Rosagold, Monatunno, Shannon, and Granate achieved the highest root yield at 95, 82.5, 79.1, and 78 t/ha, respectively. On the second planting date, Shannon, Armesa, Tikal, and Rosagold had the highest root yields at 43, 40.9, 40.8, and 38.3 t/ha respectively. White sugar yield was significantly influenced by planting date. A 35-day delay in planting caused a 44% reduction in white sugar yield. The effect of the cultivar on white sugar yield was also significant at the 5% significant level. Rosagold and Shannon showed the highest white sugar yields at 9.2 and 7.8 t/ha respectively. Rosagold cultivar had the highest white sugar yield with a yield of 9.2 tons per hectare on the planting date of October 12, and Homa had the lowest yield with 5.1 t/ha. The cultivars Monatunno, Semper, Quiana, and Rosagold did not have bolting on the planting date of October 12 and were the most resistant cultivars to bolting.
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