The impact of sowing and harvest dates on the yield of two fodder beet varieties in Jiroft region under autumn planting

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Southern Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.

2 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Southern Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran.

Abstract

In order to determine the suitable fodder beet variety and the best planting and harvest dates in Jiroft region, an experiment was performed. Treatments consisted of two cultivars called 1025 and Lacinia, four planting dates (11 September, 02 October, 22 October, and 11 November) and two harvest dates (5 May and 5 June) evaluated in factorial split plot in 2021-2022 and 2022-23 in the research farm of the South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Planting dates were assigned in main plots and harvest dates and genotype were randomly placed in sub-plots. Results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of planting and harvest dates on all studied traits including total yield, root and shoot yield, as well as root and shoot dry matter yield were significant (P ˂ 0.01). The effect of cultivar on root yield, root length, shoot dry matter (P ˂ 0.01) and root dry matter (P ˂ 0.05) was significant. The triple interaction effect was significant on all studied traits, except for shoot yield. Bolting was affected by planting date, variety and their interaction. Lacinia was resistant to bolting in all sowing dates. Comparison of the triple mean effect showed that the highest total yield (187.38 tha-1), root yield (136.77 t ha-1), total dry matter (27.69 tha-1), root dry matter (20.39 t ha-1) and shoot dry matter (7.30 tha-1) was related to the Lacinia on planting date of 10 October and harvesting date of 5 June.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Al Jbawi E, Shamsham S, Shams Aldeen H. The response of some productivity and quality traits of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to organic and potassium fertilizers in Syria. Journal of Sugar Beet. 2018; 34(1):121-130. doi:10.22092/JSB.2018.121594.1190. [In Persian]
Alami L, Terouzi W, Otmani M, Abdelkhalek O, Salmaoui S, Mbarki M. Effect of sugar beet harvest date on its technological quality parameters by exploratory analysis. Journal of Food Quality. 2021; 2021:1-8. doi:10.1155/2021/6639612.
Albayrak S, Camas N. Effects of temperature and light intensity on growth of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. crassa Mansf.). Bangladesh Journal of Botany. 2007; 36(1):1-12.
Albayrak S, YÜKSEL O. Effects of nitrogen fertilization and harvest time on root yield and quality of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris var. crassa Mansf.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 2010; 15(1):59-64.
Al-Jbawi E, Bagdadi M, Nemr Y. The effect of plant spacing on some quality traits of fodder beet (Beta Vulgaris var. crassa) varieties. International Journal Of Environment. 2014; 3(3):286-293.
Al-Jbawi E, Bagdadi M, Nemr Y. The productivity of four fodder beet cultivars (Beta vulgaris var. crassa) affected by autumn and winter sowing. International Journal of Environment. 2015; 4(3):121-129.
Anonymous. 2022. Communications and Information Technology Center. Available at Web site http://amar.maj.ir/ [In Persian]
Boiffin J, Durr C, Fleury A, Marin-Laflèche A, Maillet I. Analysis of the variability of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) growth during the early stages. I. Influence of various conditions on crop establishment. Agronomie. 1992; 12(7):515-525.
Bonhomme R. Bases and limits to using ‘degree.day’ units. European Journal of Agronomy. 2000; 13(1):1-10. doi:10.1016/S1161-0301(00)00058-7.
Brooking I. How does temperature influence crop yield? Weather and Climate. 1991; 11(2):139-142. doi:10.2307/44279812.
Chakwizira E, Dellow S, Teixeira E. Quantifying canopy formation processes in fodder beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris var. alba L.) crops. European Journal of Agronomy. 2016; 74:144-154. doi:10.1016/j.eja.2015.12.003.
Collie B, McKenzie B, editors. Dry matter accumulation of three turnip (Brassica campestris L.) cultivars sown on five dates in Canterbury. Proceedings Agronomy Society of New Zealand; 1998.
Dress AM, Hassan AM, Mostafa E. Physical and mechanical properties of fodder beet in related to cutting process. Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering. 2014; 31(3):983-1000. doi:10.21608/mjae.2014.99107.
Finch-Savage W, Steckel J, Phelps K. Germination and post-germination growth to carrot seedling emergence: predictive threshold models and sources of variation between sowing occasions. The New Phytologist. 1998; 139(3):505-516. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00208.x.
Ghafari S, Sadeghi Shoae M, Mirhadi M, Ghasemkhan Ghajar F. Evaluation of the effect of nano-micronutrients and growth-promoting bacteria on quantitative and qualitative yield of different forage beet cultivars. Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Research Sciences Branch; 2018. [In Persian]
Halvorson A, Hartman G. Response of several sugar beet cultivars to N fertilization: Yield and crown tissue production. Agronomy Journal. 1980; 72(4):665-669. doi:10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200040023x.
Hassan KH, Hassany W. Effect of sowing dates and method on fodder beet productivity under saline conditions at Siwa Oasis, Egypt. Journal of Plant Production. 2017; 8(11):1121-1125. doi:10.21608/jpp.2017.41128.
Hosseinpour M, Agha Alikhani M, Taleghani D, Sharifi H. The effect of length of growing season on water use efficiency and yield of two sugar beet cultivars in Khuzestan. Journal of Agricultural Engineering. 2007; 30(2):89-105. [In Persian]
Hussein A, Field R. Effect of sowing date, plant population ‘and planting method on the growth and dry matter yield of sugar beet. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural. 1991; 28(2): 152-158.
Ibrahim Y. Ranges and forage In Arabic. Dar Azza for Publication, Khartoum, Sudan, 2005; pp 300.
Jaggard K, Qi A, Ober E. Capture and use of solar radiation, water, and nitrogen by sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Journal of Experimental Botany. 2009; 60(7):1919-1925. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp110.
Khani Chegeni A, Sadeghi Shoae M, Habibi D. Comparison of quantitative and qualitative yield response and water use efficiency of fodder beet cultivars under different irrigation conditions. Karaj: Islamic Azad University; 2017. [In Persian]
Khaembah EN, Maley S, George M, Chakwizira E, Ruiter JD, Rob Zyskowski R, Teixeira E. Crop growth and development dynamics oftwo fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars sown on different dates in New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 2020, 63(3):449-463. doi:10.1080/00288233.2019.1692042.
Lauer JG. Sugar beet performance and interactions with planting date, genotype, and harvest date. Agronomy Journal. 1997; 89(3):469-475. doi:10.2134/agronj1997.00021962008900030017x.
Lee GS, Dunn G, Schmehl W. Effect of date of planting and nitrogen fertilization on growth components of sugar beet. American Society of Sugar Beet Technologists. 1987; 24:80-100.
Martin R, Drewitt E, Sinton S, Tabley F, Nicoll A, Editors. Effect of sowing date on the yield and sugar content of sugar beet and fodder beet at four sites. Proceedings Twelfth Annual Conference Agronomy Society of New Zealand; 1982. doi:10.1080/03015521.1983.10427753.
Martin R. Radiation interception and growth of sugar beet at different sowing dates in Canterbury. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 1986; 29(3):381-390. doi:10.1080/00288233.1986.10423490.
Matthew C, Nelson N, Ferguson D, Xie Y. Fodder beet revisited. Agronomy New Zealand. 2011;41:39-48.
McCormick S, Thomsen D, Editors. Beet production for ethanol in Waikato: yields and problems encountered in growing the crop. Proceedings Agronomy Society of New Zealand; 1983.
Moghadam J, Ebrahim P, Mahmoudi, Sohrab, M. Ahmadi. Effect of planting date and cultivar on yield and the early flowering in autumn sowing of sugar beet varieties. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breding. 2017; 13(2):43-57. [In Persian]
Morrison M, McVetty P. Leaf appearance rate of summer rape. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 1991; 71(2):405-412. doi:10.4141/cjps91-056.
Nelson J. Influence of planting date, nitrogen rate, and harvest date on yield and sucrose concentration of fall-planted sugar beets in central Arizona. ASSBTJ. 1978; 20(1):25-32.
Pembleton K, Rawnsley R. Optimising the establishment of fodder beet to maximise yields on Tasmanian Dairy Farms. 2011.
Roberts D. The effects of feeding fodder beet to dairy cows offered silage ad libitum. Grass and Forage Science. 1987; 42(4):391-395. doi:102.100.100/503978.
Salama SAH, Zeid M. Fodder beet (Beta Vulgaris L.) yield and quality attributes as affected by sowing date, age at harvest and boron application. Alexandria Science Exchange Journal. 2017; 38:1-12. doi:10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2017.1613.
Sadeghi Shoae M, Aghaeezadeh M, Rahnamaeian M. Purification and preparation of new fodder beet masses; Final Report of Sugar Beet Seed Institute,(SBSI). 2019.  [In Persian]
Scott R, editor The comparative productivity and utilisation of some winter forage crops. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand; 1971.
Shalaby A, Rammah A, Abdul Aziz G, Beshay M. Fodder beet, a new forage in Egypt. Productivity and the chemical analysis of some fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars sown at different locations in Egypt. Proceedings Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University (Egypt). 1990; 1:133-1343.
Smit A. The influence of sowing date and plant density on the decision to resow sugar beet. Field Crops Research. 1993; 34(2): 159-173. doi:10.1016/0378-4290(93)90004-7.
Stocker N, Saldias B, Brosnahan R, Donnelly L, Gibbs SJ, Editors. Effect of sowing date on plant count, true-leaf growth stage and vernalisation of fodder beet and sugar beet. 2016: Agronomy Society of New Zealand.
Ulrich A, Terry N, Loomis RS Advances in Sugar beet Production: Principles and Practices. 1971; 19.
Wickson EJ. The California vegetables in garden and field: A Manual of practice with and without irrigation for semitropical countries: Pacific Rural Press; 1917.
Journal of Sugar Beet
Volume 39, Issue 1
September 2023
Pages 37-52

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics