Effect of melatonin on the stress caused by fomesafen on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under greenhouse conditions

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Authors

1 Associate Professor Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

2 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Hamedan, Iran.

Abstract

The stress caused by soil residues or fomesafen fumes on sugar beet can reduce its production efficiency. The current study was carried out to protect sugar beet against the stress caused by fomesafen with melatonin in a factorial completely randomized design with five replications in spring of 2023 in the Research Greenhouse of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan. The first factor included the application of four doses of fomesafen (0, 1/1000, 1/100, and 1/10 × the labeled dose) at the four-leaf stage of sugar beet. The second factor included three methods of melatonin application (no application, pre-treatment of the seed, and foliar-spraying at the two-leaf stage with 1 mM melatonin solution). In the absence of fomesafen, foliar-spraying with melatonin did not affect plant weight, but pre-treatment of the seed with melatonin increased root dry weight from 0.46 to 0.56 g and shoot dry weight from 1.21 to 1.36 g. Application of 1/1000 × labeled dose of fomesafen caused 71% phytotoxicity, which was reduced to 54% and 42% phytotoxicity by pre-treatment of the seed and foliar-spraying with melatonin, respectively. Although the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased steadily as the dose of fomesafen increased, melatonin caused a significant increase in their activity at each herbicide dose level, and no difference was observed between the methods of melatonin application. The activity of peroxidase showed an increasing and then a decreasing trend with increase in fomesafen dose. In general, peroxidase activity was higher in foliar spraying than in pre-treatment of the seed with melatonin. At each herbicide dose, melatonin reduced the malondialdehyde content in sugar beet, and no difference was observed between the methods of melatonin application. Based on the results, melatonin can decrease fomesafen-induced stress on sugar beet.

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References

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Journal of Sugar Beet
Volume 39, Issue 1
September 2023
Pages 77-90

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