Study of some physiological growth parameters in different sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Authors

1 PhD student of Department of Agronomy, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

2 Associate professor of Department of Agronomy, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran

4 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

5 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch, Chalous, Iran.

Abstract

Physiological growth parameters in Iranian and foreign sugar beet cultivars were evaluated during the two years of 2019-20 and 2020-21 at Motahari Agricultural Research Station in Kamalabad, Karaj. Ten Iranian and foreign sugar beet cultivars were cultivated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that the total dry matter production did not show any difference between Iranian and foreign cultivars, but the average root to shoot ratio in the foreign cultivars (1.496) was significantly greater than that of the Iranian cultivars (1.268) by 18.0%. Since the Iranian cultivars were 5.6% more leafy than the foreign cultivars, the maximum leaf area index of the Iranian cultivars (2.66) was higher than that of the foreign cultivars (2.33), but the net assimilation rate in the foreign cultivars (17.83 g.m-2.d-1) was 18.8% higher than that of the Iranian cultivars (15.01 g.m-2.d-1). Therefore, on average, the production of one gram of dry matter in the foreign and Iranian cultivars required 18.7 and 22.1 cm-2 leaf area, respectively. This means that the production of one gram of dry matter in the foreign cultivars required 15.7% lower leaf area than that of the Iranian cultivars. Finally, in this study, the ratio of leaf area to root dry weight (RtLAR) component was used to show the efficiency of leaf area for root dry matter production. Accordingly, the average leaf area required to produce one gram of root dry matter in foreign and Iranian cultivars was estimated at 43.46 and 57.51 cm2, respectively. In general, despite the production of dry matter similar to foreign cultivars, Iranian cultivars cannot achieve the same yield as the foreign ones due to the weakness in directing the synthesized materials to the economic source (root), which improvement requires changes in R/S ratio through reducing the production of aerial organs and improving the rate of assimilation per leaf area unit.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Sugar Beet
Volume 38, Issue 1
September 2022
Pages 15-36

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