Effect of using different fungicides and insecticides in sugar beet seed coating on germination traits

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Author

Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI)- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

Seed and soil borne pathogenic fungi and pests that grow in early growing season of sugar beet cause seedling loss and establishment. The use of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogens and pests is so effective and necessary in early growing season in order to increase plant emergence and establishment. However, it is important to make sure that toxins do not adversely affect the natural function of the seed in germination. The aim of this study was to ensure the potential sugar beet seedling emergence against soil borne pathogenic fungi and pests damage in early growing season using a combination of different fungicides including carboxyl Tyram, Lamardor, and Maxim XL035 FS and insecticides including Cruiser FS350, Cruiser FS600 and Gaucho in different formulas in sugar beet seed coating. Eleven treatments were used to evaluate the effect of different fungicides and insecticides in compare with uncoated seed (check) for different traits of germination and seedling emergence under laboratory and greenhouse condition in 2018-19. The results showed that sugar beet seed coating with some fungicides has different effect on germination traits. Germination rate in Vitavax + Cruiser FS600, and Maxim XL035 FS+Cruiser FS350 treatments showed significant superiority compared with check. However, Vitavax + Gacho had decreasing effect on germination rate. Vitavax and Lamardor fungicides delayed germination and increased ungerminated seed number compared with Maxim XL035 FS fungicide. In general, fungicides and insecticides combination that had an increasing effect on seedling emergence and decreasing effect on the average time of plant emergence resulted in increased vegetative growth and eventually seedling weight. Therefore, based on the evaluation of germination rate in the laboratory, greenhouse and dry weight of seedling, Vitavax + Cruiser FS600 treatment is recommended as the best formula for sugar beet seed coating compared with check treatment.

Keywords


Bene L, Eori T. A new efficient seed dressing agent for sugar beet. Cukoripar .1992; 41(3): 237-244.
Casals ML, Ladonne F, Nardi L. Evolution of seed quality during the fruit develoment on sugar beet mother plant. Abstracts 27th ISTA Congress Seed Symposium; Budapest, Hungary. May 17th – 19th, 2004.
Chegini MA. Factors effective factors on establishment of sugar beet seedling. 27th Annal Seminar of Sugr Industry; Mashhad, Iran, 2003. (in Persian)
Dewar AM, Haylock LA, Garner BH, Baker P, Sands RJN. Neonicotinoid seed treatments to control aphids and virus yellows in sugar beet. Proceedings First Joint IIRB-ASSBT Congress, San Antonio, USA; 2003. P. 799–803.
Ecclestone P. Pesticide seed treatment trials 1993–1996, 2.0 Results of completed programmes 1996. SBREF, MAFF Committee Paper No. 31/97; 1997. 13–20.
Eori T. A new steeping agent increase sugar beet yield. Cukoripar. 1992. 45(3): 83-86.
Eori T. New seed treatments for sugar beet seed. Cukoripar. 1994. 47(4): 117-120.
Ehsanfar S, Modarres- Sanavy SA. Crop protection by seed coating. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16637182# 2005; 70(3): 225-9.
Ghadiri V, Arjmand MN. Comparison of three control methods, spraying, usual seed treatment and seed treatment plus pelleting, in order to control beet flea beetle, beet root weevil and beet leaf weevil in the Karaj area. Journal of Sugar Beet. 2000; 15(1): 72-183. (in Persian, abstract in English)
ISTA. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Switzerland, 2013.
Hamdi F, Taleghani DF, Sadeghzadeh Hemayati S, Noshad H. Polymer utilization in sugar beet seed coating. Journal of Sugar Beet. 2016; 31(2): 176-167.
Hermann O, Wauters A, Dewar A. Results of IIRB-co-operative trials with insecticides in pelleted seed. Proceedings of the 64 IIRB Congress, June 2001, Bruges (B), 341–346.
Hoshiarfard M, Darvish Mojni T. Compatibility of insecticide-fungicide combination treatments of cotton seed respectto the germination, emergence and control of seedling of diseases. Seed and Plant of Improvement Journal. 2007; 23(3): 281-296.
Johnston RH, Grey WE. Effects of fungicide seed treatment formulations applied at 1X, 5X, and 10X application rates. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests (online.) Report 57:ST24: DOI 10.1094/FN57. The American Phytopathological Society, St Paul, MN. 2002.
Kennedy TF, Connery J. An evaluation of seed-pellet insecticides in a precision drilled crop of sugar beet, Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research; 2006. 45: 211–222
Kaufman G. Seed Coating: A Tool for Stand Establishment; a Stimulus to Seed quality. HortTechnology; 1991. P. 98- 102.
Krawiec M, Dziwulska-Hunek A, Kornarzynski K. The use of physicl factors for seed quality improvement of horticultural plants. Journal of Horticultural Research. 2018; 26(2): 81-94.
Mirzaei MR. Effects of different fungicides and insecticides on germination and vigor of coated seed of sugar beet and corn. Final Report, 2020. NO 57036. (in Persian, abstract in English)
Olsson R. Insecticide seed treatments against pests in sugar beet, NBR (Nordic Beet Research), Report from Syngenta Seeds AB; 2012.
Ranal MA, Santana DG. How and why to measure the germination process? Revista Brasileira de Botânica. 2006; 29(1):1-11.
Drini S, Merritt DJ, Stevens J, Dixon K. Seed coating: Science or marketing spin? Trends in Plant Science. 2017; 22(2): 106-116.
Podlaski S. Effect of some biological features of seed-bearing sugar beet plant on seed yield and quality. II. Effect of the rate of growth and development of seedbearing sugar beet plant on seed yield and quality. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych a Produkcja Roslinna, 1987; 106(3): 35-44.
Ventura L, Donà M, Macovei A, Carbonera D, Buttafava A, Mondoni A, Rossi G, Balestrazzi A. Understanding the molecular pathways associated with seed vigor. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2012; 60: 196–206. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.031.
Wang H, Davis M, Mauk P. Effects of irrigation, planting depth, and fungicide seed treatment on sugar beet stand establishment. Journal of Sugar Beet Research .1999; 32(1).