Evaluation and selection of test-crosses resistant to rhizomania and root rot based on selection index of ideal genotype (SIIG)

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Authors

1 Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Urmia, Iran.

2 Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

3 Sugar Beet Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.

4 Sugar Beet Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

10.22092/jsb.2024.366997.1370

Abstract

In order to select the ideal hybrid in terms of all the evaluated traits, 16 test cross hybrids along with domestic control called Dena and three foreign control called FD16B3013, Urselina and BTS1930 were tested based on randomized complete block design with four replications in five locations of Karaj, Miandoab, Mashhad, Shiraz and Hamedan in 2023. Results of combined ANOVA showed that the differences between the cultivars in terms of all traits (except the root potassium content) were significant (P<0.01), which indicates the existence of genetic diversity between studied cultivars and the hybrids. Based on the calculation results of the SIIG index, FD16B3013 was ranked first, followed by hybrid number 12. Dena cultivar with the lowest SIIG index is considered the weakest and according to the results of most regions, hybrid number 4 and 5 also had an unfavorable condition after Dena cultivar. Based on the average data, the most significant positive and negative correlations were observed between SIIG index and sugar yield trait (0.85**) and root sodium content (-0.80**), respectively, which indicates the most positive and negative effect of these traits on the SIIG index. The results of calculating the SIIG index in terms of identifying ideal cultivars and hybrids were largely consistent with the results of their ranking, in total, hybrids number 12 (11-201-9*301-11) * S1- 980133) and 9 ((201-9*301-11) * S1 - 980126) had a better condition than other ones. Therefore, these two hybrids and in the next stage hybrids number 8 ((201-9*301-11) * S1-980119) and 14 ((201-9*301-11) * S1-980139) as superior and ideal hybrids were introduced and they can be used for supplementary research such as advanced tests and compatibility. Also, the existence of a significant difference in the condition of the Dena domestic control cultivar with the mentioned hybrids in all regions and their average indicates genetic progress in the new hybrids, and therefore these hybrids are promising for the introduction of a new generation of cultivars by Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI).

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References

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Journal of Sugar Beet
Volume 40, Issue 1
February 2025
Pages 47-62

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