مدل مناسب مصرف بهینه کود نیتروژن در آبیاری نشتی چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

2 کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

چکیده

برآورد مقدار بهینه کود مصرفی برای کاهش هزینه تولید و مخاطرات زیست محیطی و افزایش عملکرد ضروری است. نیاز بهینه و اقتصادی کود با استفاده از برازش یک مدل بر داده‎های عملکرد نسبت به کود مصرفی به‎دست می‎آید. در تحقیق حاضر به منظور تعیین مدل مناسب تابع تولید چغندرقند نسبت به مصرف کود نیتروژن و برآورد مقدار بهینه اقتصادی کود مدل‎های چندجمله‎ای درجه دو، جذری، میچرلیخ، هیپربولیک مثلثاتی، چندجمله‎ای درجه دو با آستانه و خطی با آستانه استفاده شد. داده‎های مورد استفاده نتایج یک آزمایش در پنج سطح کودی نیتروژن خالص شامل: صفر، 60، 120، 180 و 240 کیلوگرم در هکتار و با سیستم آبیاری نشتی در سه تکرار در دو سال 1382 و 1383 بود. مقدار بهینه اقتصادی کود نیتروژن بر اساس قیمت‎های کود و محصول در سال‎های مذکور به‎دست آمد. مقدار کود با توجه به نسبت قیمت کود به محصول و نوع مدل مورد استفاده متفاوت بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که مدل چندجمله‎ای درجه دو برای توصیف تابع تولید و مقدار بهینه اقتصادی کود در زراعت چغندرقند مناسب است. با کاربرد این مدل مقدار بهینه اقتصادی کود نیتروژن در سال‎های 1382 و 1383 به ترتیب 8/235 و 9/248 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‎دست آمد. مقدار بهینه اقتصادی کود نیتروژن با استفاده از این مدل در سال 1390 بر اساس مدل سال 1382 با نرخ مصوب و آزاد کود اوره به ترتیب 7/234 و 1/225 کیلوگرم در هکتار و بر اساس مدل سال 1383 به ترتیب 9/247 و 8/240 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‎دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of an appropriate model for optimum use of N fertilizer in furrow irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Rezvani 1
  • A. Noruzi 2
  • K. Azari 2
  • A. M. Jafari 1
1 Instructor of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Hamedan
2 Master expert of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Estimation of optimum fertilizer rates is needed because of growing economic and environmental concerns. Optimum fertilizer rates can be determined by fitting statistical models to yield data collected from N fertilizer experiments. The main goal of this research was to compare and evaluate quadratic, square root, Mitscherlich, rectangular hyperbola, linear plus plateau and quadratic plus plateau models for describing the response of sugar beet to N fertilizer. Data used were obtained from a furrow irrigation system experiment with five N fertilizer rates: zero (control), 60, 120, 180, and 240 N kgha-1 with three replications in Ekbatan Research Station, Hamedan, Iran, during 2003 and 2004. Economic optimum N fertilizer rates were obtained based on fertilizer and sugar beet price during 2003 and 2004. Economic, optimum N fertilizer rates varied depending on the fertilizer to crop price ratio and models used. Results of this research showed the quadratic model described the yield responses and economic, optimum N fertilizer rate in sugar beet cultivation better than the other models. Economic, optimum N fertilizer rates due to this model were 235.8 and 248.9 kgha-1 in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Economic optimum N fertilizer rates based on N fertilizer subsidy and non-subsidy prices were 234.7 and 225.1 kgha-1 for 2003 model, and 247.9 and 240.8 kgha-1 for 2004 model, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic use
  • Nitrogen fertilizer
  • Quadratic model
  • sugar beet
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