تأثیر پرتوتابی گاما روی عملکرد کمی و کیفی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف چغندرقند تحت شرایط مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : کامل علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه زراعت، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اثر پرتوگاما روی بذر و تنش آبی برعملکرد کمی و کیفی در ژنوتیپ­های مختلف چغندرقند در دو مکان قم و اسلامشهر بررسی شد. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. فاکتور آبیاری شامل دو سطح (نرمال و تنش کم‌آبیاری) بود که در کرت اصلی قرار گرفت و فاکتور دوم شامل ژنوتیپ (اکباتان، مطهر، پایا و مادری پایا) و فاکتور سوم پرتودهی پرتوگاما بر روی بذر (شاهد، 50، 100، 200 و 400 گری) بودند که در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد بین دو مکان مورد ارزیابی اختلاف معنی­داری برای اکثر صفات وجود داشت به‌صورتی که مکان اسلامشهر عملکردریشه بالاتر و شرایط مطلوب­تری را نسبت به مکان قم داشت. بررسی اثرات متقابل میزان آبیاری× ژنوتیپ بر روی عملکرد شکرسفید نشان داد در آبیاری نرمال، بیش­ترین مقدار این صفت را ارقام اکباتان، مطهر و پایا داشتند که از نظر آماری در یک گروه قرار گرفتند. در حالی که در شرایط تنش، رقم پایا بیش­ترین عملکرد شکرسفید را داشت. بررسی نتایج هم‌چنین نشان داد کاربرد پرتوگاما با دز 100 گری در چغندرقند، باعث افزایش عملکرد شکرسفید ریشه، کم­ترین مقدار عملکرد شکرسفید ریشه، مربوط به دز 400 گری بود. بنابراین استفاده از دزهای مناسب پرتوگاما می‌تواند در افزایش عملکرد چغندرقند نقش داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of gamma radiation on quantitative and qualitative yield of different sugar beet genotypes under different irrigation conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Mahmoodi 1
  • B. Sani 2
  • M. Sadeghi-shoae 3
  • F. Rajabzadeh 4
  • H. Mozafari 2
1 Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate professor of Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
4 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The effect of gamma radiation on seed, and water stress on quantitative and qualitative yield of different sugar beet genotypes was evaluated in Qom and Eslamshahr locations. The experiment was performed in split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The irrigation factor as the first factor included two levels of normal and low irrigation stress in main plots, the second factor included four sugar beet genotypes of Ekbatan, Motahar, Paya, and maternal line of Paya and the third factor included five levels of gamma radiation on seed including control, 50, 100, 200 and 400 Gy in subplots. Results showed that there was a significant difference between two  locations for most of the traits, so that Eslamshahr had higher root yield and more favorable condition than Qom. The effect of irrigation rate × genotype interaction on white sugar yield showed that under normal irrigation, Ekbatan, Motahar and Paya genotypes obtained the highest white sugar yield, which were statistically placed in a same group; however, under low irrigation stress, Paya had the highest white sugar yield. Results also showed that the application of gamma radiation with 100 and 400 Gy resulted in the increase and decrease of white sugar yield, respectively. Therefore, the use of appropriate gamma radiation dose rates can play a significant role in increasing the yield of sugar beet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gamma ray
  • Irrigation
  • Root yield
  • Sugar beet genotype
  • White sugar yield

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چغندرقند
دوره 38، شماره 1
شهریور 1401
صفحه 55-70

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